Marcas›Ford›Explorer›2023

Ford Explorer 2023

Versiones, desempeño, equipamiento, consumo, seguridad y problemas conocidos, con sus ventajas y desventajas frente a modelos similares 2023.

Ford Explorer
En la foto: Ford Explorer (sixth generation) IMG 6063. Foto: Alexander Migl, CC BY-SA 4.0, vía Wikimedia Commons
Clase
SUV grande (2WD)
Carrocerías
4dr SUV, 4dr SUV Hybrid
Motores
3.3L 6 cil., 2.3L 4 cil. turbo, 3.0L 6 cil. turbo
Transmisión
10-speed Automática
Tracción
Tracción trasera, 4x4 conectable
Asientos
6
Combustible
Híbrido, Gasolina regular, FFV
MPG (mejor)
27 combinadas · 27 ciudad / 28 carretera
Largo
198.8 in
Peso en vacío
4,458–4,969 lb
Calificación NHTSA
★★★★★
Retiros
15 campañas

Ventajas y desventajas

Lo bueno

  • Excelente consumo de combustibleHasta 27 MPG combinadas: un 34 % mejor que el promedio de su clase (SUV grande, 2023: 20.2 MPG).
  • Disponible en versión híbridaSe ofrece en versión híbrida además de gasolina.
  • Tracción total / 4x4 disponible
  • 5 estrellas en seguridad NHTSALa máxima calificación general en las pruebas de choque federales.
  • Mucha tecnología de seguridad de serie5 de las 5 asistencias clave, de serie en las versiones revisadas.

A tener en cuenta

  • 15 retirosMás que modelos similares (unos 4). Confirma las reparaciones con el VIN.

Calculado con datos de la EPA, la NHTSA y vPIC frente a 24 modelos similares 2023; no es una reseña. Cómo lo calculamos →

Resumen

El Ford Explorer 2023 es un SUV grande disponible con 3 motores (3.3L 6 cil., 2.3L 4 cil. turbo y 3.0L 6 cil. turbo), incluida una versión híbrida, con tracción trasera y 4x4 conectable.

Mide unas 199 pulgadas de largo y 79 de ancho, con una distancia entre ejes de 119 pulgadas, y pesa alrededor de 4,458 lb (4dr SUV).

La EPA califica su versión más eficiente con 27 MPG combinadas (27 en ciudad / 28 en carretera), un 34 % mejor que el promedio de su clase (SUV grande, 2023: 20.2 MPG), con un gasto estimado de $2,500 al año en combustible.

En las pruebas de choque de la NHTSA obtuvo la máxima calificación general de 5 estrellas.

Tiene 15 campañas de retiro registradas y los propietarios han presentado 114 quejas ante la NHTSA desde 2015, sobre todo por problemas de otro o desconocido.

Novedades del 2023

  • Ya probado por la NHTSA: 5 estrellas en general

Comparado con 2022; no incluye cambios de versiones, equipamiento ni precio. Ver el Explorer 2022 →

Versiones, desempeño y equipamiento

Motor–2.3L 4 cil.
Motor–3.0L turbo 6 cil.
Transmisión10-speed Automática
TracciónAWD/4WD · RWD
Asientos6 asientos · 3 filas

Versiones

XLTSTLimitedPlatinum

Seguridad y asistencias al conductor

Frenado automático de emergenciaDe serie
Frenado de emergencia con detección de peatonesDe serie
Alerta de colisión frontalDe serie
Monitor de punto ciegoDe serie
Alerta de tráfico cruzado traseroDe serie
Frenado automático en reversaOpcional
Alerta de salida de carrilDe serie
Asistente de mantenimiento de carrilDe serie
Control de crucero adaptativoDe serie
Asistente de estacionamientoDe serie
Cámara de reversaDe serie
Luces altas automáticasDe serie
Luces adaptativasDe serie
Arranque sin llaveDe serie
Faros LEDSí

Fabricado en: Chicago, Illinois

NHTSA vPIC, según el fabricante, para 5 configuraciones del Explorer 2023; puede no incluir todas las versiones. Cómo lo calculamos →

Dimensiones y peso

CarroceríaLargoAnchoAltoDistancia entre ejesVía del. / tras.Peso en vacíoPeso del./tras.
4dr SUV198.8 in78.7 in70.1 in119.3 in66.9 / 66.9 in4,458 lb50/50
4dr SUV Hybrid198.8 in78.7 in70.1 in119.3 in66.9 / 66.9 in4,969 lb52/48

Transport Canada CVS (Open Government Licence – Canada), medidas del mercado canadiense.

¿Cabe en tu garaje? Compruébalo con tus medidas →

Motores, consumo y costo de uso

VersiónMotorTransmisiónTracciónCiudad / Carr. / Comb.vs. su claseCombustible / añoCO₂ g/mi
Explorer HEV RWD Híbrido3.3L 6 cil.Automática 10-spdTracción trasera27 / 28 / 27+34%$2,500324
Explorer Platinum HEV RWD Híbrido3.3L 6 cil.Automática 10-spdTracción trasera25 / 26 / 26+29%$2,600342
Explorer HEV AWD Híbrido3.3L 6 cil.Automática 10-spd4x4 conectable23 / 26 / 25+33%$2,700361
Explorer RWD2.3L 4 cil. turboAutomática 10-spdTracción trasera21 / 28 / 24+19%$2,800370
Explorer RWD2.3L 4 cil. turboAutomática 10-spdTracción trasera20 / 28 / 23+14%$2,900385
Explorer AWD2.3L 4 cil. turboAutomática 10-spd4x4 conectable20 / 27 / 23+22%$2,900387
Explorer Platinum HEV AWD Híbrido3.3L 6 cil.Automática 10-spd4x4 conectable23 / 24 / 23+22%$2,900379
Explorer AWD2.3L 4 cil. turboAutomática 10-spd4x4 conectable20 / 26 / 22+17%$3,050404
Explorer RWD3.0L 6 cil. turboAutomática 10-spdTracción trasera18 / 26 / 21+4%$3,200428
Explorer Timberline AWD2.3L 4 cil. turboAutomática (S10)4x4 conectable19 / 22 / 21+12%$3,200433
Explorer RWD3.0L 6 cil. turboAutomática (S10)Tracción trasera18 / 25 / 20-1%$3,350438
Explorer AWD3.0L 6 cil. turboAutomática 10-spd4x4 conectable18 / 24 / 20+6%$3,350444
Explorer AWD3.0L 6 cil. turboAutomática (S10)4x4 conectable18 / 24 / 20+6%$3,350445
Explorer Timberline AWD2.3L 4 cil. turboAutomática (S10)4x4 conectable19 / 21 / 20+6%$3,350445
Explorer FFV AWD FFV3.3L 6 cil.Automática 10-spd4x4 conectable17 / 25 / 20+6%$3,350444
Explorer AWD3.0L 6 cil. turboAutomática 10-spd4x4 conectable17 / 24 / 20+6%$3,350451
Explorer AWD3.0L 6 cil. turboAutomática (S10)4x4 conectable17 / 24 / 20+6%$3,350454
5/10Puntaje EPA de consumo (mejor versión)
5/10Puntaje EPA de gases de efecto invernadero
Gasta $500Combustible en 5 años vs. un auto nuevo promedio
20.2 MPGPromedio 2023: SUV grande (2WD)

Estimaciones de la EPA; "vs. su clase" compara las MPG combinadas con el promedio 2023 de su clase EPA. Cómo lo calculamos →

Calificaciones de seguridad y tecnología

VersiónGeneralFrontalConductor / pasajeroLateralPoste lateralVolcaduraRiesgo de volcadura
2023 Ford Explorer SUV 4WD★★★★★★★★★★5★ / 5★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★15.1%
2023 Ford Explorer SUV RWD★★★★★★★★★★5★ / 5★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★14.7%
De serieControl electrónico de estabilidad
De serieAlerta de colisión frontal
De serieAlerta de salida de carril
Prueba de choque frontal — 2023 Ford Explorer SUV 4WD
Prueba de choque frontal — 2023 Ford Explorer SUV 4WD. Foto: NHTSA.
Prueba de choque lateral — 2023 Ford Explorer SUV 4WD
Prueba de choque lateral — 2023 Ford Explorer SUV 4WD. Foto: NHTSA.

SUV grande similares 2023

ModeloMejor MPG / autonomíaGeneral NHTSARetiros
Ford Explorer 2023 (este auto)27 MPG★★★★★15
Toyota 4Runner 202317 MPG★★★★★1
Toyota Highlander 202336 MPG★★★★★9
Jeep Grand Cherokee 202323 MPGSin calificar23
Kia Telluride 202323 MPG★★★★★6
Kia Sorento 202337 MPG★★★★★4
Nissan Pathfinder 202323 MPG★★★★★1

Retiros (15)

Texto oficial de la NHTSA (en inglés).

Asientos › Mid/Rear Assembly · 14 jul 2026

Campaña NHTSA 26V451000 · 387,911 vehículos

Problema
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2020-2027 Aviator and 2020-2026 Explorer vehicles. The switch for the easy-entry second-row outer seats may bind or stick, resulting in the seats unlatching, tipping, or sliding unexpectedly.
Riesgo
A seat that moves unexpectedly may not properly restrain an occupant during a crash, increasing the risk of injury.
Solución
Dealers will inspect and replace the bezel around the switch as necessary, free of charge. This will be a phased campaign, with the remedy becoming available in different phases based on model and model years. Interim letters explaining the safety risk were mailed August 19, 2026. Additional letters will be sent once the remedy is available, anticipated in January 2027. Lincoln Aviator owner notification letters were mailed August 21, 2026. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 26S52. This recall expands Recall 25V393. Vehicle Identification Numbers (VINs) involved in this recall became searchable on NHTSA.gov on July 16, 2026.
Cinturones de seguridad · 17 mar 2026

Campaña NHTSA 26V159000 · 561 vehículos

Problema
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2020-2026 Explorer and Lincoln Aviator vehicles. The seat belt anchor bolts at the second-row outer seating positions may be improperly secured.
Riesgo
A loose seat belt buckle may not properly restrain an occupant during a crash, increasing the risk of injury.
Solución
Dealers will inspect the second-row outer seat belt lower anchor bolts and replace or repair them as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed March 30, 2026. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 26C18. Vehicle Identification Numbers (VINs) involved in this recall became searchable on NHTSA.gov on March 19, 2026.
Prevención de impacto en reversa › Software · 3 mar 2026

Campaña NHTSA 26V123000 · 889,950 vehículos

Problema
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2020-2022 Escape, Lincoln Corsair, 2020-2024 Lincoln Aviator, and Explorer vehicles. The image on the center display may flip or invert, resulting in an incorrectly displayed rearview image when the vehicle is placed in reverse. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 111, "Rear Visibility."
Riesgo
An incorrectly displayed rearview image can reduce the driver’s view behind the vehicle, increasing the risk of a crash.
Solución
Dealers will update the accessory protocol interface module (APIM) software, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed June 23, 2026. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 26C11. Vehicle Identification Numbers (VINs) involved in this recall became searchable on NHTSA.gov on March 5, 2026.
Equipamiento › Electrical › Engine Block Heater · 10 oct 2025

Campaña NHTSA 25V685000 · 59,006 vehículos

Problema
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2016-2019 Lincoln MKC, 2016-2023 Explorer, 2019-2020 Fusion, 2019-2024 Ranger, 2020-2022 Lincoln Corsair, Escape, 2021-2024 Bronco, Bronco Sport, and 2022-2024 Maverick vehicles. The engine block heater may crack and develop a coolant leak, causing it to short circuit when the block heater is plugged in.
Riesgo
An electrical short circuit can increase the risk of a fire.
Solución
Owners are advised not to plug in their block heater until the vehicle is remedied. Dealers will replace the block heater, free of charge. Owners will also have a alternative option to replace engine block heater element with a threaded blanking plug, and remove the block heater electrical cord. Interim letters, notifying owners of the safety risk, were mailed December 3, 2025. Additional letters will be sent once the final remedy is available, anticipated December 2026. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 25SA4. Vehicle Identification Numbers (VINs) involved in this recall became searchable on NHTSA.gov on October 15, 2025.
Combustible (gasolina) › Delivery › Fuel Pump · 7 jul 2025

Campaña NHTSA 25V455000 · 850,318 vehículos

Problema
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2021-2023 Bronco, Explorer, Lincoln Aviator, F-250 SD, F-350 SD, F-450 SD, F-550 SD, 2021-2022 Lincoln Navigator, Mustang, F-150, and 2022 Expedition vehicles. The low-pressure fuel pump may fail, which can result in an engine stall while driving.
Riesgo
An engine stall increases the risk of a crash.
Solución
Dealers will replace the low pressure fuel pump on super duty vehicles and update the powertrain control module (PCM) software on all other affected vehicles, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed July 27, 2026. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 25S75.
Prevención de impacto en reversa › Software · 27 jun 2025

Campaña NHTSA 25V442000 · 200,237 vehículos

Problema
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2018-2022 Transit Connect, 2019-2020 MKZ, MKX, Edge, Continental, F-150, Nautilus, Fusion, 2019-2023 Ranger, Mustang, 2020-2021 EcoSport, Expedition, Navigator, 2020-2022 Escape, F-250 SD, Corsair, 2020-2023 Aviator, Transit, 2020-2024 Explorer, 2021-2024 Bronco Sport, and 2022-2024 Maverick vehicles. A software error may cause the rearview camera to display a blank image, or the image may remain on the display after the backing event has ended.
Riesgo
A rearview camera that displays a blank image can reduce the driver's view behind the vehicle. A rearview image that continues to be displayed after the vehicle is shifted out of reverse may distract the driver. Both of these situations can increase the risk of a crash.
Solución
Dealers will update the rearview camera software, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed September 4, 2025. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 25S72.
Asientos › Mid/Rear Assembly · 13 jun 2025

Campaña NHTSA 25V393000 · 304,662 vehículos

Problema
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2020-2025 Aviator, and Explorer vehicles. The switch for the easy-entry second-row outer seats may bind or stick, resulting in the seats unlatching, folding, or sliding unexpectedly while driving.
Riesgo
A seat that moves unexpectedly may not properly restrain an occupant during a crash, increasing their risk of injury.
Solución
Dealers will inspect the second-row seat switch, and replace the bezel around the switch as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed August 7, 2025. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 25S67.
Prevención de impacto en reversa › Software · 14 mar 2025

Campaña NHTSA 25V159000 · 49,399 vehículos

Problema
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2020-2023 Explorer, Lincoln Aviator, and 2020-2022 Lincoln Corsair vehicles previously repaired incorrectly under recall number 23V-342. The video output may fail, preventing the rearview camera image from displaying.
Riesgo
Loss of the rearview camera image can reduce the driver's rear visibility, increasing the risk of a crash.
Solución
Dealers will update the Image Processing Module software, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed April 25, 2025. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 25S27.
Equipamiento › Other › Labels · 8 nov 2024

Campaña NHTSA 24V852000 · 27,678 vehículos

Problema
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2020-2025 Explorer, Lincoln Aviator, 2020-2024 Escape, Lincoln Corsair, 2018-2024 F-150, Expedition and Lincoln Navigator vehicles. The air bag warning label may be missing from the dashboard. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirement Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 208, "Occupant Crash Protection."
Riesgo
Without a label that shows the proper restraint usage guidelines, the occupants may have an increased risk of injury in the event of a crash.
Solución
Ford will mail owners the warning labels, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed December 19, 2024. Owners may call Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 24C39.
Suspensión › Front › Macpherson Strut · 8 feb 2024

Campaña NHTSA 24V091000 · 121 vehículos

Problema
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2023 Explorer vehicles. The right-front lower fastener connecting the steering knuckle and strut may be loose or missing.
Riesgo
A loose or missing connection between the knuckle and strut can cause improper tire alignment, resulting in a steering pull or require increased steering effort. Additionally, the brake hose may contact the tire and become damaged, resulting in a brake fluid leak and a loss of braking ability. Either of these scenarios can increase the risk of a crash.
Solución
Dealers will inspect the fasteners, and tighten or install them as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed March 08, 2024. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 24S04.
Prevención de impacto en reversa › Display Function · 13 oct 2023

Campaña NHTSA 23V686000 · 2,866 vehículos

Problema
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2023 Explorer vehicles equipped with a standard rearview camera. Due to a manufacturing error in the wire harness, the rearview camera may display a blue image on the SYNC screen when the vehicle is placed in reverse. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 111, "Rear Visibility."
Riesgo
A rearview camera that does not properly display an image can reduce the driver's rear view, increasing the risk of a crash.
Solución
Dealers will inspect the rearview camera wire harness and repair any loose splices, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed November 2, 2023. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 23C31.
Motor y refrigeración › Motor › Oil/Lubrication › Pipes, Hoses, And Fittings · 25 ago 2023

Campaña NHTSA 23V597000 · 10 vehículos

Problema
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2023 Explorer vehicles equipped with 2.3L GTDI engines. The turbocharger oil supply line may be damaged, which can result in an oil leak inside the engine compartment.
Riesgo
An oil leak in the presence of an ignition source such as hot engine or exhaust components, can increase the risk of a fire. In addition, the loss of oil can result in an engine stall, increasing the risk of a crash.
Solución
Owners are advised to park and shut off the engine as soon as possible if they see an oil pressure warning light or smoke coming from the engine compartment. Dealers will replace the turbo oil supply line assembly, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed September 8, 2023. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 23S50.
Prevención de impacto en reversa › Sensing System › Camera · 12 may 2023

Campaña NHTSA 23V342000 · 442,973 vehículos

Problema
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2020-2023 Explorer, Lincoln Aviator, and 2020-2022 Lincoln Corsair vehicles equipped with a 360-degree camera. The video output may fail, preventing the rearview camera image from displaying.
Riesgo
Loss of the rearview camera image can reduce the driver's rear visibility, increasing the risk of a crash.
Solución
Dealers will replace the 360-degree camera, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed November 10, 2023. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 23S23. This recall expands and replaces NHTSA recall number 23V-022. Vehicles previously repaired under 23V-022 will need to have the new remedy performed.
Tren motriz › Transmisión automática · 10 feb 2023

Campaña NHTSA 23V070000 · 1,138 vehículos

Problema
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2022-2023 F-150, Mustang, Explorer, Bronco, and 2023 Lincoln Aviator vehicles equipped with automatic transmissions. The transmission may contain a loose bolt which could prevent the transmission from engaging the park gear, although the gear shifter position may indicate that the vehicle has been shifted to "PARK."
Riesgo
The inability to secure the vehicle in the park position can result in a rollaway, increasing the risk of a crash or injury.
Solución
Dealers will inspect and, if necessary, replace the transmissions, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed April 25, 2023. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 23S06.
Prevención de impacto en reversa › Sensing System › Camera · 23 ene 2023

Campaña NHTSA 23V022000 · 382,759 vehículos

Problema
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2020-2023 Explorer, Lincoln Aviator, and 2020-2022 Lincoln Corsair vehicles equipped with a 360-degree camera. The video output may fail, preventing the rearview camera image from displaying.
Riesgo
Loss of the rearview camera image can reduce the driver's rear visibility, increasing the risk of a crash.
Solución
Dealers will update the image processing module (IPMB) software, free of charge. Interim owner notification letters informing owners of the safety risk were mailed April 25, 2023. Owner notification letters were mailed February 13, 2023. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 23S02. This recall expands and replaces NHTSA recall number 21V-735. Vehicles previously repaired under 21V-735 will need to have the new remedy performed.
Consulta tu VIN en NHTSA (en inglés) ↗

No todos los Explorer 2023 están afectados: solo el VIN lo confirma.

Problemas reportados por propietarios

114Quejas ante la NHTSA desde 2015
8Con choque
2Con incendio
9Lesionados reportados
17,000 miMillaje típico de la falla
Otro o desconocido26
Sistema eléctrico14
Suspensión14
Dirección13
Tren motriz12
Motor10
Estructura › Carrocería7
Visibility/Wiper6
Quejas recibidas por mes (últimos 24 meses con reportes)
24/10: 224/11: 124/12: 225/01: 325/02: 225/03: 125/04: 225/05: 225/06: 225/07: 525/08: 525/09: 225/10: 325/11: 326/01: 526/02: 326/03: 126/04: 326/05: 426/06: 626/07: 326/08: 426/09: 526/10: 224/1025/0125/0425/0725/1026/0226/0526/08máx. 6

Reportes sin verificar; los más vendidos acumulan más.

Lista para comprar un Ford Explorer 2023 usado

  1. Consulta el VIN en nhtsa.gov/recalls. 15 retiros en este año: pide comprobantes de reparación.
  2. Sistema eléctrico — 14 reportes de propietarios. Prueba todas las ventanas, seguros, luces, pantallas y puertos USB; revisa la antigüedad de la batería.
  3. Suspensión — 14 reportes de propietarios. Pasa por baches y escucha golpes; busca desgaste irregular en los neumáticos.
  4. Dirección — 13 reportes de propietarios. Gira el volante de tope a tope estacionado y en marcha; escucha ruidos y nota si la dirección está dura o suelta.
  5. Millaje a vigilar. Los propietarios suelen reportar problemas alrededor de las 17,000 millas; pregunta qué se reparó cerca de ese punto.
  6. Sistema híbrido. Busca luces de advertencia del sistema híbrido y pregunta si la batería de alto voltaje se reemplazó o sigue en garantía.
  7. Antes de pagar: historial de servicio, reporte de antecedentes e inspección de un mecánico independiente.

Generado por DecodedCars a partir de retiros y quejas de propietarios ante la NHTSA para el Ford Explorer 2023. No sustituye una inspección profesional.

Otros años del Explorer

Comparar todos los años →
AñoMPG (mejor)LargoGeneralRetirosQuejas
Explorer 202723–Sin calificar20
Explorer 202624198.8 inSin calificar1542
Explorer 202524198.8 in★★★★★22109
Explorer 202424198.8 in★★★★★1021
Explorer 202227198.8 inSin calificar25273
Explorer 202127198.8 in★★★★★27458
Explorer 202028198.8 in★★★★★351,251
Explorer 201922198.4 in★★★★★6300
Explorer 201822198.4 in★★★★★7737
Explorer 201722198.4 in★★★★★141,713
Explorer 201622198.4 in★★★★★142,485
Explorer 201523197.2 in★★★★★81,816

Fuentes: EPA, NHTSA, Transport Canada, Wikimedia Commons. Sin afiliación con la NHTSA, la EPA ni Ford. Cómo lo calculamos →